The World Health Organization   says the H1N1 flu is the fastest-moving pandemic ever, spreading as much in less than 6 weeks as past pandemic flu viruses spread in more than 6 months. Because of this rapid spread, the agency has revised its reporting requirements so that authorities need not report every case but only clusters of severe cases or deaths caused by the virus or unusual clinical patterns.

Since the declaration of a pandemic, at which time 70 countries had reported cases of the novel virus, the H1N1 virus has continued to spread, with the number of countries reporting cases nearly doubling. In the Southern Hemisphere, where regular flu season has begun, countries are reporting that the H1N1 virus is spreading and causing illness along with regular seasonal influenza. In the U.S., significant H1N1 illness has continued into the summer, with localized and, in some cases, intense outbreaks occurring. More than 50 summer camps in 20 states have sent kids home early or canceled sessions after suspected outbreaks.

Given its activity to date, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention  anticipates that there will be more cases, more hospitalizations, and more deaths associated with this pandemic over the summer, with a potential to cause significant illness into the fall and winter in conjunction with the regular influenza season. The good news, however, is that most people who have become ill have recovered within a week without requiring medical treatment.

Thyroid blood tests are used to test the amount of thyroid stimulating hormone  in blood. Normal, overactive or under active hormone production of thyroid gland is defined in blood tests.

The tests are done for the following symptoms:

The American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists in 2003 recommended a new normal level of thyroid in blood that lies between 0.3 to 3.0. It is against the older range, which was 0.5 to 5.5. Now, considering the new research standards, if thyroid level is above 3.0, it is considered as a case of hypothyroidism and if level is below 0.3, then it will be the case of hyperthyroidism. All practitioners do not consider new levels and hence the diagnosis may vary. Normal levels of some tests

Thyroid blood test is rarely associated with the risks. The patient may get a small bruise at the site where blood sample is taken.

In rare cases, the vein may become swollen as a result of taking blood sample. People with bleeding disorders can have ongoing bleeding.  all the risks are temporarily and can be eliminated by applying simple methods.

Cirrhosis is a condition in which liver scarring is observed. A long term disease or injury causes a scar tissue. Scar tissue is unable to work as healthy liver tissues.

Healthy liver tissues make protein, clean the blood, store energy, provide the help to fight against infections, and help to digest food. Due to the formation of this scar tissue, blood flow in the liver is affected.

liver cannot carry the essential functions like detoxification of harmful substances, blood purification and manufacturing of vital nutrients. Very few people with cirrhosis get liver cancer.

Signs and symptoms of cirrhosis are not shown in early stages. When deterioration of liver function occurs, you may feel leg and abdominal swelling, fatigue, unexpected weight loss, and nausea.

Cirrhosis may lead you to:

Jaundice- yellowing of your skin may develop. It is possible to experience the intense bleeding from your digestive system in such conditions.

The common causes of cirrhosis are mentioned below:

No treatment is available to make the scar tissue disappear. If you treat the cause, you can keep the scar tissue from getting worse. Treatment also prevents further complications. If formation of multiple scar tissues occurs, you should consider liver transplant.

Calcium is essential for all living organisms, particularly in their cell physiology, where the movement of the calcium ion functions as a signal for many cellular processes.

Bone and joint problems that develop in the late 40s of ones life, clearly indicate the deficiency of calcium.

Calcium constitutes a major portion of bones, teeth, soft tissues and fluids. It is involved in normal muscle stimuli, clotting of blood, and maintenance of permeability of cell membranes.

The amount of Calcium in ones diet determines the future status of bone health. As in the case of pregnant and lactating mothers, if adequate Calcium is not provided in the diet, the bones will become porous and lead to Osteoporosis where the bones will either bend or break with the weight of the body.

Adult men and women require between 700-1000 mg/day. When measuring this intake one must remember that only 20-30% of calcium in the average diet is absorbed.

some healthier options that would help to meet one’s Calcium requirements include:

Physical activity along with adequate calcium in ones diet will help make your bones stronger. At the same time negligence of these factors will make your bones weak and porous and this could lead to Osteoporosis.