Introduction :_____________________________________ Sixty-four percent of large groups of medical doctors, including physicians, employees or employee-owners are in possession. 62% of medical groups are for-profit. In the fully competitive market, companies want to survive, or benefiting from taking market share (market approach) or) cost reduction (efficiency approach. That can never strategic position, it should be done by managers, employees and workers. medical groups with financial unhealthy represent a major economic challenge for physician compensation in a manner that engages physicians in improving the financial situation and work environment. A. Existing models of compensation and reimbursement for physicians :____________________________________________________________________ 1st Fee-For-Service (FFS ):______________________________ This is a payment system to pay doctors, hospitals and other providers) will a certain amount for each service (diagnosis and treatment. The private and public insurers to pay for seller’s account or debt repayments permitted to copy and suppliers, co-payments, deductibles and coinsurance, etc. The outstanding payments will be subject to disclosure of test validity: • Patients coming for payment, provider credentials, and medical necessity • •. Types of FMS :_____________________ • fees charged (traditional FFS): Some variants of FMS have attempting to develop cheaper and more efficient care. These are outlined below: • Fixed costs: discussion without regard to cost of service. When patients pay only. • reduction of fees charged: reduced prices for PPO provider. • Resource Based Relative Value Scale or Relative Value Scale (RBRVS), developed by (CMS), formerly HCFA. • Reduction of all mandatory fees: For the CFP, if the financing plan for health care fails. • The projected tax-for-service: For professionals who fails when resources plan for health care. • Sliding fee scale individual quotas: Not related to the budget constraint, but the individual performance . • The case rate, flat rate, or for a global tax practices: eg all institutional costs in the single package, delivery. • Case Rate or bundled pricing packages: all the institutional components and professional the single package, for example, coronary bypass surgery. 2. Capitation: its development in the context of criticism of the FFS :____________________________________________________ The goal of managed care is necessary to provide quality health care in the most efficient and profitable. It has always been critical to economic considerations, to provide health care under FFS. Doctors were excessively and unnecessarily intensive care, for example, has ordered a series of additional tests unnecessary or marginal value, to a fee for these tests. This practice increases the risk charge of health plans. Therefore, to share this risk, doctors with limited resources effectively and efficiently, a system of reimbursement was necessary. Accordingly, a new method of reimbursement, capitation appeared that incentives for physicians to create high-quality care in the most effective way to offer and in May to participate in savings. Capitation has negotiated a dollar amount between MCOs and providers of health care to cover the operating costs of health care from a provider for one person for a certain period of time. The per capita fixed lump sum or refund will be regularly traded . Under the contract, the service provider to provide or arrange delivery of all health services covered by the charge whatever the cost of necessary tests. Types of capitation :______________________ • full risk capitation pm clock or payment regardless of sex and age (including fees of experts), or payments to a percentage of the insurance premium • Global Capitation: the institutional costs and other specialists, 3 methods for physicians, Employee Group :_____________________________________________________ staff physicians in medical groups have three types of tasks: the rules clinical and administrative supervision. We can observe two main types of this model to compensate primary care physicians (PCP) to: • Straight salary / Compensation Plan: ____________________________________The doctors are employees of the health system and receive a salary. This is usually the preferred method of staff model HMOs. increase in the pay scale depends on the economic capacity: o departmental or institutional o academic productivity, quality, O and O Findings Patients. • Incentives: ________________________________Incentives are programs that are used in most of the underlying methodology for reimbursing providers to offer additional incentives for the doctor a certain way through practice. The health plan is the money for these incentives awarded in a separate account as a swimming pool “so that the doctor knows what money is available and how plan of care that she was distributing. It can be distributed and network provider: merit pay. Physician incentives can change behavior, increase productivity. include measures of individual incentive awards: o Use Management ( maintaining fiscal discipline are the profitability and efficiency) in patient care. o productivity (individual and organization-wide). oo CDR Working for you point-O gross revenue, collected fees and oo Net operating net. o scope of practice. o use of resources. o The quality of care provided. o Patient satisfaction. o physician communication (internally and externally with colleagues from the patient). o Academic performance (teaching, research) and o professional activities. • Bonus: _______________________________The doctor receives a bonus at year end to meet certain specific uses or medical expenses or reference. 4-draw plus incentive :_______________________________ • Deny : _______________To physician to voluntarily establish the cost and improve the profitability of the practice, effectively, a percentage of revenue physicians refuse to cover excess medical costs. The physician receives no money left at the end of the year. • Operator: ____________Same hold, but apply to specialists. The goal is different: control specialists are available if needed for members. 5 new methods Reimbursement_______________________________________________ As the industry of health care has changed, many methods established managed care reimbursements in disgrace, or recognized by laws and regulations. The result is one of new and creative ways to compensate providers: • Episode rights based on the Global :__________________________ Contains episodes of care and surgery, such as chronic diseases of diabetes for one year, followed by self-limiting condition for myocardial infarction with six months of follow-up care, or non-surgical coronary revascularization at one year follow up. :______________________________ • Contact capitation specialist receives a lump sum at the first contact with the doctor for a new patient care costs over a number of “contact” mentioned (eg 6 or 12 months). CFP recommendation is appropriate or necessary for the first visit – and better for Multi-Specialty Group. capitated • Market share: ________________________________It is best suited for each specialty group. The group receives a certain portion of the budget head of the health plan, according to the ‘historical cost of health care in this special category. • DRG Doctor: ____________________________Physicians received some payment for the severity of the disease, adjusted for each Diagnosis Related Groups (DRGs). When the doctor provides care to over effectively, the doctor believes that savings in the same way that a hospital keep the savings if it can reduce the length of stay in hospital DRGs. • Direct contracts between employers and physicians in terms of health environment. • Gain sharing: ________________________Best adapted to situations where the physician will receive a refund of contributions and pay hospitals on a DRG basis. It requires the physician to the entire system of health check. It provides incentives for quality and cost effective care, but federal programs should be prohibited. • Reimbursement for Internet Consulting: _____________________________________________A fixed amount in dollars to maintain and update records of chronically ill online • Depending on the quality of incentive scheme: • Tax incentives Methodology :____________________________________ some health plans have a way of lump sum to a change in physician behavior. This method has no reported effect on the underlying medical, but doctor solves it in a way that work is normal that the needs of patients and health plans to serve. B. Election methodology for reimbursement of internists in medical groups, minorities and actual factors :______________________________________________________________________ to consider before deciding on a method :__________________________________________________________________ • Clarity of roles and work environment in the medical group, which is important motivating factor. • Physical infrastructure, such as FMIS, data collection, analysis, communication, culture of knowledge sharing that are necessary to improve the scanning area and reduce the gap. • The demographic and technological impact on the market for medical groups and their financial situation creates unhealthy overriding L ‘ approach to be effective for patients of Hispanic origin. increased demand eco-efficiency) on the variable pay or reward (for performance and not pay monitory reward that times of stop workstation, contests and prizes, work flexibility, etc., to provide additional efforts and ensure greater productivity (achievement motivation) to. But to allow this, employees must see a clear link between effort, performance (Waiting), reward (instrumentality) and satisfaction (valence). This is possible if the medical group Set ‘SMART objective participatory “, which is aligned with performance evaluation fair. • Always focus groups, innovative and specialized medical services for patients of solvent to the Asian minority. As groups of physicians to medical staff (internal) are the talents by offering them the band with attractive remuneration long-term bonuses, benefits and / or profit sharing reserve, etc. This type of compensation creates a sense of belonging (membership) motivation. • The amount of revenue or subsidy from Medicare / Medicaid – the treatment modalities are less frequent when the price of patient care medical services is high and income from grants Medicaid low3. • The local regulatory environment is also very important. Objectives of the reimbursement method with multiple :________________________________________________ objectives of primary and specialty care – controlling costs and increasing profits, would be the best compensation plan that: • is a market-oriented approach to attract and retain highly qualified talent, workforce and physician leaders of government. It is necessary to maintain in order to compete effectively in the labor market today. • May require a physician to improve the financial performance of the group practice. • Is it understandable , fair and provides the greatest satisfaction survey methods possible :__________________________________________ • No compensation model may improve financial performance in a sustainable manner. However, a compensation system leads to production based on the work of CDR can be physicians to effectively implement the will to improve the financial performance of 1, is understandable and can provide more satisfaction and fairness. • medical groups Ipas and tend to mix elements of remuneration for services, payroll and members Deputy Chief of their doctor, for each payment method has advantages in terms of productivity, motivation, collaboration and practice efficiency5. C1. Recommended method for the reimbursement of internists in medical groups. _________________________________________________________________ For employees could Doctors / internists :___________________________________________________ • A guaranteed base salary with incentives to approach productivity (Quality-Based Incentive) help8 focusing on actions Hedi to measure the quality of care and patient satisfaction. This is especially important for Hispanics (needy), and Asian patients (, web-savvy and have the bargaining power to insist on informed consent), the need and the quality of preventive care is covered. Payments premiums may be awarded in the areas7: o Precautionary measures such as immunizations, mammograms, etc. o term access on the basis of the evidence, the number of patient complaints, staff turnover, o clinical measures : use of practice guidelines, No Health Plan Employer Data Information Set (Hedi) action, o patient experience: member surveys) (satisfaction, reduce litigation, medical costs, and timely and sustainable return to work, • In addition, non-doctors can not increase the patients and the doctors City effective. For this reason, we must develop and maintain transactional leadership and transformational doctors to make the economic success . Therefore, we must recognize and reward talented executives doctor or go to job-shadowing of future leaders. For the leadership qualities of leadership positions working to promote these awards could offered4: Scholarship o for managers to work beyond their clinical practice, variable o scholarship – perhaps 5 to 7 per cent of net income – as an incentive to practice o Make sure to grow in a system based on productivity managers to the same credit day clinical management. o premium offers short term cash for achieving certain objectives such as quality care, not o Provide monetary rewards, such as bound as: additional holidays and exemption from standby, free time and extra resources for the officers to attend conferences and seminars to develop skills of practice management. Not everyone in a society do not want to skip monitory benefits / rewards. Employees do not see these benefits in the form of money. Instead, they view this as a good relationship and cooperation between managers, highly motivated to improve their productivity. For the office or independent CFP • We :_____________________________________________ use the methods of reimbursement to mix around the situation is obvious. Like, for example, base head for acute illnesses, and function of the quality incentive (bonus FFS basis, details of procedures and visits, as preventive services (mammography and immunizations)). • Tax incentive method will work well. Here are some examples: o A flat fee for each referral to a program of disease management. o An increase of one doctor for a Calendar cooler for health care if the physician has a high level of performance-based scores Hedi. o A fixed price for appropriate documentation of actions taken prior to referral and / or monitoring a patient after a reference is the place. o A fixed price for the timely reporting of encounter for health plans with a small fee per record reported. :__________________________________ Risk Adjustment This is achieved by the process and continues to make operational improvements as roads) data and reporting of results and foster a culture of sharing knowledge (both bilaterally and within groups. The exchange of information is the area and improve rapidly to improve the quality of care. In this situation, must be punished for internists do not deny the reception of sick patients. Otherwise, they deny ill patients in May, or they refer to other documents in May end up losing health plans and share market. C2. Method of reimbursement for specialists in medical groups :____________________________________________________________ A. Capitation Market Share (Deputy Chief ):____________________________________________________ If a specialty group, 20% of patients who see these kinds of specialists in one year is required that the Special Group shall receive 20% of the monthly capitation for that specialty. This method is suitable only for the individual sections. Some doctors in the multi-sections do not work enough shares on the market method. This method is based on historical referral patterns as a basis for payments. New groups of doctors who do not receive this story as a rule, pay service payments pending the establishment of a reference for the history . Capitation action is less difficult to manage as a head contact, because there are fewer objects to pursue. b. Capitation Capitation Contact :__________________________ in its true form does not work well with doctors, because of weak dollar are associated with head and contracts for specialists. Accordingly, the repayment of most specialists on a discounted FFS basis. Contact capitation capitation change to more traditional circumstances of medical specialists. To ensure fair compensation for of variations in disease severity, the risk is adjusted as follows: • Some diagnoses or procedures may result from the weight of the upper contact.? Selected subspecialties and / or process can be recorded separately.? Separate head-sets can be developed for different age groups of segments.? The sickest patients or those with particularly difficult diagnoses can be pruned, and a base fee. Contact capitation is consistent with the goals of managed care because it creates incentives for physicians to treat patients as efficiently as possible to manage. Staying healthy patients through disease management and treatment compliance of patients reduced the need for further visits that not lead to additional revenue. D. The future of the method of reimbursement for medical groups :____________________________________________________ Global capitation :___________________________ Medical Group Hospital, both in ambulatory and hospital care. In a context of a stenosis of HMOs if these groups vertically11 integrated and form an alliance with the doctors and if legally permissible, a global capitation (refers to both institutional and specialist can help the cost.) Global integration fees or charges in the case :__________________________________ medical groups can horizontally to stop service (emphasis factories12) on a particular disease, the value for money because: • The Hispanic population is growing more vulnerable to chronic diseases like cancer, and • give employers must be carefully observed the situation on the market for health care and is inclined to opt for defined contribution plans. They can concentrate plants provide all necessary care to a specific disease (such as, for example), cancer breast, so that the case would be the price, or consequence-based global taxes, seem to be an ideal way to pay suppliers in these situations. E. successful models :___________________________________________________ Successful medical groups can receive capitation their health plans, and sub-capitate their physicians and hospitals9, 10 But the poll does not always successful. In addition to better pay structure, these groups should be empowered to develop. You must take steps to success: • First, collect data on practice patterns, followed by results, quality of care and performance measures. Share this information with physicians. This change would be positive. The more information Results will be brought to the negotiating table, the medical groups in a better position to negotiate fair contracts. Therefore, these groups should invest in information systems: management and finance. This means a large initial investment but it is imperative for the success of a business. • Second, financial incentives for physicians in the group of sub-capitation emphasis on the importance of the compensation system fair and equitable that the right types of ‘incentives are available. To succeed, it is essential to the financial incentives that affect the behavior of going online with the group’s objectives (ie, health care quality with little waste has). • Third, lines types of care guidelines or pathways. These guidelines allow the Group to provide better quality care at a reduced price, as the “fat” or unnecessary steps in the process is deleted. • Fourth, a close relationship with major market players. This includes health plans, insurance companies and PCP. Oncologists use of PCP for referrals, relationships are essential if good. • Fifth, to develop and maintain transactional leadership and transformational in doctors who have the responsibility of managers in addition to their own practice. • Sixth, the risk and responsibility must plan for health and to compensate the manufacturer. Physicians should have the risk that has control. The secret of success is only a risk many things can be handled by the group and ensure they accept the right people to advise how to deal with this risk. • Finally, groups of medicine should develop a clear vision and mission support, the work of good quality and fair incentives and would not support a bad result and the environment. :_____________________________ Conclusion The success or failure of a particular method of repayment can not only on the method we use, but also how strong are financially dependent on medical groups and how they are organized in terms of population and the asset structure and working environment. Article Source: http : / / www. articlesbasecamp. Com 1 Compensation Models physicians in large medical groups: November-December 2001, by Jennifer Nelson, Carleton T. Rider, John E. Biermann, and Shawn D. Schwartz www. nejmjobs. / rpt org / physician compensation. aspx. 2. Arch Intern Med 2006, 166:623-628. Available pre-embargo to media at www. jamamedia. org 3rd links. JSTOR. org / sici? sici = 0361 — 915x% 28198121% 2912% 3A1% 3C155% 3E2% 3ACABHAP. 0. CO% 3B2-8 & size = SMALL
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