The majority of appendicitis cases occur between the ages of 6 and 20 years with approximately four appendectomies performed for every 1,000 children under the age of 14. Because appendicitis is often difficult to accurately detect in children, the suspicion of the condition leads to the performance of unnecessary surgeries on about 30 percent of the children who undergo them. In addition, 30 to 45 percent of patients suffer an appendix rupture before a diagnosis is made.

the Proteomics Center at Children’s Hospital in Boston have developed a urine test that can detect “biomarkers” indicating appendicitis in children. The promise shown by this new test could lead to improved diagnosis, possibly even replace the use of CT scans, and eliminate the exposure of children to radiation.

This leads to irritation, inflammation, and a decreased blood flow that is inadequate for the body part to maintain health, which causes the appendix to begin to die. An irritated appendix can rapidly become infected and can even rupture, which can quickly become a life-threatening situation. Rupture can occur as holes develop in the walls of the appendix that allow substances to leak into the abdomen. This causes an infection inside the abdomen known as peritonitis.

The researchers at Boston Children’s Hospital evaluated urine samples taken from children before and after an appendectomy. The research group detected several biomarkers, including proteins that are associated with immune response and inflammation.

the testing of infants, blood would be the better choice since infants would need to undergo catheterization prior to urine testing.

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