The human anatomy comprises a myriad of internal systems that function in-sync, to promote longevity. However, the most vital of all the internal systems is that controlled by the heart. This chambered organ is primarily divided into the atrium and the ventricle. As the terms suggest, the atrium refers to the upper segment or chamber, while the ventricle is the lower chamber. The function of each heart chamber is facilitated by blood vessels and valves. This intricate system not only receives oxygenated blood from the lungs, but also assimilates and rejuvenates cellular waste and deoxygenated blood from different parts of the body. The blood vessels and valves control the flow of oxygenated blood to the different organs of the body and redirect the deoxygenated blood towards the lungs. The heart muscle incessantly builds up blood pressure by pulsating. The contraction and relaxation of the heart muscles pumps blood throughout the body, and revitalizes its own inherent capacity.

Atrial fibrillation refers to the atrium or upper chamber of the heart being exposed to multiple micro-reentry circuits and erratic electrical impulses. The condition is imminently life-threatening and could culminate in a medical emergency if not addressed in time. The abnormal electrical impulses in the atrium of the heart are treated via CPR, to prolong brain survival during a lapse in normal heart pulse and/or defibrillation, to restore the normal heart rhythm. The latter is a treatment option that involves the application of an electric shock to reset cells and trigger a normal beating pattern.